The Coombs Hills vent complex contains c. 11 km3 of debris and has an area of >30 km2. This volcano is made up of a nest of coalesced diatremes that grew laterally and vertically through wall-rock and one another.

Volcaniclastic rocks at Coombs Hills comprise mainly (80% vol.) structureless tuff breccia and coarse lapilli tuff cut by irregular dikes and sills, within a large vent complex (>30 km2).

Steeply dipping to sub-vertical depositional contacts juxtapose volcaniclastic rocks of contrasting componentry and grainsize. These sub-vertical tuff breccia zones are inferred to have formed when jets of debris+steam+water passed through unconsolidated vent-filling deposits. Some jets and their consituent clasts probably never reached the atmosphere and most of the ejecta that did escape the debris-filled vents was rapidly recycled as vents broadened.

Recycling of water, as well as recycling of pyroclasts, was important in maintaining water supply for phreatomagmatic interactions even when aquifer rock in the vent walls lay far from eruption sites as a consequence of vent-complex widening. The proportion of recycled water increased with vent-complex size in the same way that the proportion of recycled tephra did.

diatreme complexes and magma plumbing systems
antarctica
publications from this work
McClintock, M. & White, J.D.L. (2006) Large phreatomagmatic vent complex at Coombs Hills, Antarctica: Wet, explosive initiation of flood basalt volcanism in the Ferrar-Karoo LIP. Bulletin of Volcanology 68: 215-239
McClintock, M.K. & White, J.D.L. (2002) Granulation of weak rock as a precursor to peperite formation: Coal peperite, Coombs Hills, Antarctica. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 114 1-2: 205-217
White, J.D.L. & McClintock, M.K. (2001) Immense vent complex marks flood-basalt eruption in a wet, failed rift: Coombs Hills, Antarctica. Geology 29 10: 935-938
All Content © 2006-2007 Volcanic Solutions Ltd
Website by ecoimage